ጉዳያችን - በጉዳያችን ሚድያ፣ኮምኒኬሽን እና ምክር አገልግሎት የሚዘጋጅ ሲሆን ከ2003 ዓም ጀምሮ በድረ-ገፅ ላይ የነበረ በአሁኑ ጊዜ ከአንድ ሚልዮን በላይ ጎብኚዎች ያሉት ገፅ ነው። Gudayachn is prepared by Gudayachn Multimedia, Communication and Consultant Organization. It has been online since 2011. Currently, Gudayachn is being visited by over One-million readers from all over the world.

Saturday, July 29, 2023

ወደብ አልባዋ ኢትዮጵያ እንዴት የቀጥታ ወደብ አገልግሎት ማግኘት ትችላለች? አልጅዚራ ''ኢንሳይድ ስቶሪ'' በእዚህ ሳምንት ያስተላለፈው (ቪድዮ)።How will landlocked Ethiopia get direct access to a port? (video)

Guests:

Kemal Hashi Mohamoud – Member of the Ethiopian Parliament

Martin Plaut – Journalist specializing in the Horn of Africa and a fellow at the Institute of Commonwealth Studies at the University of London

Kwaku Nuamah – Senior lecturer and chairman of the International Peace and Conflict Resolution Program at American University

Aljazeera English Inside story, July 26,2023

Wednesday, July 19, 2023

ልዩ ዘገባ - የግሪክና የኢትዮጵያን ታሪካዊ ግንኙነት ለማጠናከር የሚተጉት የግሪካውያን ማኅበር ለኢትዮጵያ መታሰብያ አቴንስ ላይ ሃውልት ለማቆም እንቅስቃሴ ጀመሩ የቦታ ፈቃድ አግኝተዋል፣ በአዲስ አበባ ከተመሰረተ 113 ዓመታት ያስቆጠረው የግሪክ ማኅበረሰብ (ኮሚኒቲ) ትምሕርት ቤት የተፈጠረው ሁኔታ ማኅበሩ ላይ ትልቅ ቅሬታ ፈጥሮበታል።

አዲስ አበባ የግሪክ ብሔራዊ ቀን ዋዜማ የግሪክ አምባሳደር ኒኮላስ ፓታኪያስ ፎቶ ሲያነሱ።

በእዚህ ጽሑፍ ስር የሚከተሉትን ርዕሶች ያገኛሉ -

የግሪክና የኢትዮጵያን ታሪካዊ ግንኙነት ለማጠናከር የሚተጉት ግሪካውያን ለኢትዮጵያ መታሰብያ አቴንስ ላይ ሃውልት ለማቆም እንቅስቃሴ ጀምረዋል
የግሪክ ማኅበረሰብ ትምሕርት ቤት በተመለከተ በኢትዮጵያ መንግስት የተወሰደው እርምጃ ምንድነው? የጉዳዩ የመንግስት የአያያዝ ክፍተት ሦስት ጉዳዮች ምን ምን ናቸው?
ከእዚህ በታች የግሪካውያን የኢትዮጵያ ወዳጆች ማኅበር በአዲስ አበባ ግሪክ ማኅበረሰብ ትምህርት ቤት ላይ ያለውን ቅሬታ የገለጸበት ሙሉ ጽሑፍ በተለይ ለጉዳያችን የላኩትን ዝርዝር የጉዳዩ ዳራ እና ሂደት እና
የግሪክ ማኅበረሰብ (ኮሚኒቲ) ትምህርት ቤት በትዝታችን ኢቢኤስ (ቪድዮ)

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ጉዳያችን ልዩ ሪፖርታዥ

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የኢትዮጵያ እና የግሪክ ግንኙነት ከክርስቶስ ልደት በፊት የነበረ መሆኑ ቢታወቅም በዘመናዊ የኢትዮጵያ ታሪክ ሁለቱ ሀገሮች የዲፕሎማሲያዊ ግንኙነት የጀመሩት በ1917 ዓም እኤአ ሲሆን በቆንስላ ደረጃ የነበረው ግንኙነት ወደ ዲፕሎማሲያዊ ግንኙነት ያደገው ጣልያን ከኢትዮጵያ ተሸንፎ በወጣበት ዓመት 1935 ዓም እኤአ ነበር። በኢትዮጵያ እና ግሪክ ያለው ግንኙነት የተበላሸው የወታደራዊው መንግስት ወደስልጣን ከመጣ በኋላ ነው። በእዚህ ወቅት በርካታ ግሪካውያን በወቅቱ በነበረው የግል ንብረትን ወደ መንግስት የማዞር ጉዳይ ያፈሩት ንብረቶች ተወረሱባቸው።አሁን ድረስ የተወረሱ ንብረቶች ጉዳይ ላይ ጥያቄ ያላቸው ግሪካውያን እንዳሉ ይሰማል። ይህም ሆኖ ግን እንደ ባምቢስ ያሉ ባለሃብቶች በወታደራዊው መንግስት ጊዜም በኢትዮጵያ በንግድ ሥራ ላይ ተሰማርተው ቆይተዋል።

ግሪካውያን ኢትዮጵያን እጅግ ይወዳሉ።ማንኛውም ግሪካዊ ጋር በአቴንስ ከተማ ብታናግሩ ኢትዮጵያን ይወዳል።ከታክሲ ሹፌር እስከ ከፍተኛ የመርከብ ባለቤቶች ባሉኝ አጋጣሚዎች ስለ ኢትዮጵያ በጠየኳቸው ጊዜ ልዩ ክብር እና ፍቅር እንዳላቸው ለመረዳት ችያለሁ። ግሪክ ታላቅ ሀገር ነች። በእዚህ የሉላዊነት ዘመን ግሪክ የገጠሟት ፈተናዎች እና ወደፊት የሚገጥሙ ፈተናዎች ኢትዮጵያ ከገጠማትም ሆነ ወደፊት ከሚገጥማት ጋር ተመሳሳይ ነው።ግሪክን እግዚአብሔር ባይፈጥር ኖሮ የዓለም የሳይንስ ጥበብ ምናልባት አሁን በምናየው ደረጃ ሊሆን ፈጽሞ እንደማይችል ለመረዳት ዛሬ ከፊዚክስ እስከ ምህንድስና ከግሪክ የተወሰዱ ጥበቦችን መቃኘት ነው።

ግሪካውያን በኢትዮጵያ ዘመናዊ ስልጣኔ ላይ የነበራቸው አሻራ በሚገባ አልተከተበም እንጂ ትልቅ ፋይዳ ያለው ነው። ከአራዳ ቅዱስ ጊዮርጊስ ቤተክርስቲያ ስራ እስከ የቅዱስ ጊዮርጊስ ክለብ ምስረታ ከጣልያን በፊት የግሪክ ማኅበረሰብ አባላት አሻራዎች ናቸው።ይህ ብቻ አይደለም በህክምና ሙያ ላይ ተሰማርተው ኢትዮጵያን ያገለገሉ ግሪካውያን ያውም ገና ኢትዮጵያውያን ሀኪሞች በሚገባ ሳይሰለጠኑ በነበረበት ዘመን ነው።ለምሳሌ ቀዳማዊ አፄ ኃይለስላሴ በራሳቸው የጻፉት ''ሕይወቴ እና የኢትዮጵያ እርምጃ'' በተሰኘው መፅሐፍ ላይ የአልጋ ወራሽ እያሉ በዓለማያ ሐይቅ ላይ በጀልባ ሲሄዱ የደረሰባቸው የጀልባ መገልበጥ ተከትሎ በአካባቢው የነበረ ግሪካዊ ሐኪም ደርሶ ባያድናቸው ኖሮ በቀጣይ ዘመናቸው የኢትዮጵያ ንጉስ ለመሆን ላይችሉ እንደነበር በእዚሁ መጽሐፋቸው ላይ ጠቅሰዋል።

የግሪክና የኢትዮጵያን ታሪካዊ ግንኙነት ለማጠናከር የሚተጉት ግሪካውያን ለኢትዮጵያ መታሰብያ አቴንስ ላይ ሃውልት ለማቆም እንቅስቃሴ ጀምረዋል

ኢትዮጵያ የተወለዱ፣በኢትዮጵያ ሰርተው ሀብት ያፈሩ፣በልዩ ልዩ ሙያ ኢትዮጵያን በሙያቸው ያገለገሉ ግሪካውያን አቴንስ ላይ ማኅበር እንዳላቸው ሰምቼ ነበር።ባለፈው ሳምንት ላይ ግን የማኅበሩን አስተባባሪዎች አቴንስ ላይ ለማግኘት ዕድል አገኘሁ። ስለ ኢትዮጵያ ሲናገሩ እንባ ይተናነቃቸዋል። የኢትዮጵያና የግሪክ ታሪካዊ ግንኙነት እና ወደፊት የሚገጥሟቸው ተግዳሮቶችም ተመሳሳይ እንደሆኑ ከተለያዩ አቅጣጫዎች አንጻር አወራን።ከሁሉም ለመስራት ያላቸው የሞራል ዝግጅት ከውስጣቸው በሚወጣ ጥልቅ ስሜት የሚገልጹበት መንገድ እጅግ አስደናቂ ነው።በውይይታችን መሃል አዲስ አበባ ስለሚገኘው እና ከ113 ዓመታት በላይ ያስቆጠረው የግሪም ማኅበረሰብ (ኮሚኒቲ) ትምሕርት ቤት ላይ የተወሰደው እርምጃ እጅግ አሳዝኗቸዋል።በእውነቱም በእዚህ ደረጃ ያለ የሁለት ሀገሮች ግንኙነት የሚመለከት ትምሕርት ቤት የተያዘበት መንገድ በራሱ እዚህ ከፍተኛ ጥያቄ አስነስቷል።

ይህ በእንዲህ እያለ በግሪክ የሚኖሩ ግሪካውያን ኢትዮጵያን የሚያውቁ እና በኢትዮጵያ የተወለዱ ግሪካውያንን ጨምሮ አቴንስ በሚገኘው የአቢሲንያ አደባባይ ኢትዮጵያን የሚያስታውስ ሀውልት ለመስራት ዝግጅት ላይ ናቸው።አቴንስ የሚገኘው የአቢሲንያ አደባባይ ስያሜውን ያገኘው ከሁለተኛ ዓለም ጦርነት ፍጻሜ ሰሞን ቀዳማዊ አፄ ኃይለስላሴ ግሪክ በጦርነቱ ማግስት በተቸገረችበ ጊዜ ንጉሱ በርካቃ የቁም ከብት ገዝተው እና አሳርደው ህዝቡን ያበሉበት ቦታ ነው። ከዚያን ጊዜ በኋላ ቦታውን የአቢሲንያ አደባባይ ተባለ። አሁን ታሪኩ ተድበስብሶ እንዳይቀር ኢትዮጵያን የሚያውቁ ግሪካውያን በቦታው ላይ የኢትዮጵያና ግሪክን ታሪክ የሚያስታውስ እንዲሆን ሀውልት ለመስራት እንቅስቃሴ ጀምረዋል።

የኢትዮጵያውያን ግሪካውያን ማኅበር የተመሰረተው በ1967 ዓም የኢትዮጵያ አብዮትን ተከትሎ ወደግሪክ በተሰደዱ ግሪካውያን የተመሰረተ እና በአሁኑ ጊዜ በአቴንስ ማዕከሉን አድርጎ እየሰራ ይገኛል።ማኅበሩ አቢሲን ያ አደባባይ ሀውልቱ ሊሰራ የታሰበበት ቦታ ከአቴንስ ከተማ ፍቃድ ያገኘ ሲሆን ቦታው ከስር የምትመለከቱት ቦታ ላይ ነው።ለሀውልቱ ግ ንባታ ለማስተዋወቅ የፊታችን እሁድ ሐምሌ 16/2023 ዓም እኤአ በእዚሁ በአቢሲንያ አደባባይ ኢትዮጵያውያንን እና ግሪካውያንን ጠርቶ የነበረ ቢሆንም በሳምንቱ ካለ ሙቀት አንጻር መርሃግብሩን ለሌላ ጊዜ ማስተላለፉን ዛሬ አስታውቋል።

የኢትዮጵያ መታሰቢያ ሀውልት የሚሰራበት ቦታ አቴንስ፣ግሪክ

ዝግጅቱ ለሌላ ጊዜ ማስተስላለፉን ቀድሞ በለቀቀው ፖስተር ላይ ዛሬ አስታውቋል።

የግሪክ ማኅበረሰብ ትምሕርት ቤት በተመለከተ በኢትዮጵያ መንግስት የተወሰደው እርምጃ ምንድነው? የጉዳዩ የመንግስት የአያያዝ ክፍተት ሦስት ጉዳዮች ምንድን ናቸው?

በአዲስ አበባ የሚገኘው የግሪክ ማኅበረሰብ ትምህርት ቤት በተመለከተ የኢትዮጵያ መንግስት የወሰደውን እርምጃ በተመለከት አዲስ ማለዳ ጥቅምት 13/2022 ዓም እኤአ ባወጣው ዘገባ ላይ እንዲህ ይላል

''ትምህርት ሚኒስቴር ለዓመታት ያለ ዕውቅና እና የሚጠበቅበትን ግብር ሳይከፍል ሲሠራ የኖረውን የግሪክ ማኅበረሠብ ትምህርት ቤት፣ ዕውቅና እንዲኖረውና ከተሠጡት ሦስት አማራጮች አንዱን ይዞ እንዲቀጥል ትዕዛዝ መስጠቱን ለአዲስ ማለዳ ገለጸ።

በዚህም፣ የማኅበረሠብ ትምህርት ቤት፣ ኢንተርናሽናል ትምህርት ቤት ወይም መደበኛ የግል ትምህርት ቤት ኾኖ እንዲቀጥልና በአምስት ሳምንት ውስጥ አንዱን መርጦ ውሳኔውን እንዲያሳውቅ በግሪክ ኤምባሲ በኩል ለትምህርት ቤቱ ትዕዛዝ እንደተላለፈለት ነው ሚኒስቴር መሥሪያ ቤቱ የገለጸው።

ኾኖም በአብዛኛው ኢትዮጵያውያን ተማሪዎች ያሉበት የእንግሊዘኛ ክፍሉ (English Section) እንዴት ኾኖ የግሪክን ሥርዓተ ትምህርት ሊከተል ይችላል በሚል ለቀረበው ጥያቄ፣ በሚኒስቴሩ የትምህርት ኢንስፔክሽን ጀኔራል ዳይሬክተር የሆኑት ሙሉቀን ንጋት(ዶ/ር) ማንም የፈለገውን አገር ሥርዓተ- ትምህርት ለመማር ፍላጎት እስካለው ድረስ አይከለከልም የሚል መልስ ሠጥተዋል።

ትምህርት ቤቱ እስካሁን በግሪክ ኤምባሲ ሥር ሆኖ መቆየቱን የግሪክ አምባሳዳር ቀርበው አስረድተዋል ያሉት ዳይሬክተሩ፣ የመማሪያ ቋንቋው ግሪክኛና እንግሊዝኛ ተብሎ ተከፋፈለ እንጂ ኹለት ትምህርት ቤት እንዳልሆነ አምባሳደሯ መናገራቸውን ነው ያስረዱት።
ዳይሬክተሩ ይህን ይበሉ እንጂ፣ ትምህርት ቤቱ ይህን እንደማይቀበልና ከኤምባሲው ጋር ምንም ዓይነት ግንኙነት ኖሮት እንደማያውቅ ለትምህርት ሚኒስቴር ደብዳቤ ጽፎ እንደነበር ከተማሪ ወላጆች የተገኘው ደብዳቤ ያመላክታል።

እስካሁን በነበረው አሠራር ኢንተርናሽናልና ማኅበረሠብ ትምህርት ቤቶችን ለመቆጣጠር የተዘጋጀ የሕግ ማዕቀፍ ባለመኖሩ መቆጣጠር አስቸጋሪ ነበር ያሉት ዳይሬክተሩ፣ አሁን ላይ የግሪክ ማኀበረሠብ ትምህርት ቤትም ሕጋዊ መስመር ይዞ እንዲሠራ ትዕዛዝ እንደተሠጠው አብራርተዋል። በዚህም በተለይ ኢንተርናሽናል ትምህርት ቤት ለመሆን ከወሰነ፣ የኢንቨስትመንት ፈቃድ፣ ንግድ ፈቃድ፣ እንዲሁም ከካምብሪጅ የሥርዓተ-ትምህርት ፈቃድ ማምጣት እንዳለበት ጠቁመዋል።

ኾኖም የትምህርት ቤቱ ግሪክ ክፍል ከ100 ዓመታት በላይ፣ የእንግሊዘኛ ክፍሉ ደግሞ ከ25 ዓመታት በላይ በሥራ ላይ መቆየቱን አዲስ ማለዳ አስታውሳ፣ እንዴት የንግድም ይሁን የኢንቨስትመንት ፈቃድ መጀመሪያ አልተጠየቁም በሚል ላቀረበችላቸው ጥያቄ፣ የራሳቸውን ዜጎች ለማስተማር የግሪክ ማኅበረሠብ ትምህርት ቤት በሚል ፈቃድ ካገኘኙ በኋላ፣ በዚህ ሠበብ የኢትዮጵያና ሌሎች አገራት ተማሪዎች የሚማሩበትን የእንግሊዘኛ ክፍል አቋቁመው እንደሚያስተምሩ ሳይታወቅ እንደቆየ ጠቅሰዋል።

አያይዘውም፣ የሚከታተላቸው ቡድን ቦታው ድረስ ሔዶ ትምህርት ቤቱን ካየ በኋላ፣ ኹሉም ነገር በሥርዓት እየተከናወነ ነው ብሎ ለትምህርት ሚኒስቴር ሪፖርት ሲያደርግ እንደኖረ ገልጸዋል።'' የአዲስ ማለዳ ዘገባ መጨረሻ።

የትምህርት ሚኒስቴር እርምጃ አካሄድ ብቻ ሳይሆን የኦሮምያ ክልል በትምህርት ቤቱ ይዞታ ላይ ምን አድርጓል? የሚለው ዝርዝር ጉዳይም በሚገባ መታየት ያለበት ቢሆንም የኢትዮጵያ መንግስት ከኮሚኒቲ ትምህርት ቤቱ አንጻር የሄደበት የአካሂያድ ሂደት በስህተት የተሞላ ነው።እነርሱም

1/ ማናቸውም የውጭ ዜጎችን የሚመለከት ጉዳይም ሆነ ተቋም መጀመርያ መመራት እና ክትትል እንዲያደርግ ማድረግ የሚገባው የውጭ ጉዳይ ሚኒስቴር ነበር። በእዚህም ከግሪካውያኑ ጋር የሚደረጉ ንግግሮች የዓለም አቀፍ ሕጎችን የሚመለከቱ ስለሚሆኑና የእዚሁ የዓለም አቀፍ ሕግ ባለሙያዎች ደግሞ በውጭ ጉዳይ ሚኒስቴር እንጂ በትምህርት ሚኒስቴር የሉም።

2/ የትምህርት ቤቱ ጉዳይ የግሪክና የኢትዮጵያን ግንኙነት እንዳያበላሽ ከፍተኛ ጥንቃቄ መደረግ ነበረበት

3/ በጉዳዩ ዙርያ ከግሪክ ከፍተኛ ባለስልጣናት ጋር መምከር ይገባ ነበር።በእዚህም ከግሪክ መንግስት ጋር በጋራ ኮሚቴ መስርቶ መከታተል ይገባ ነበር።

ከእዚህ በታች የግሪካውያን የኢትዮጵያ ወዳጆች ማኅበር በአዲስ አበባ ግሪክ ማኅበረሰብ ትምህርት ቤት ላይ ያለውን ቅሬታ የገለጸበት ሙሉ ጽሑፍ በተለይ ለጉዳያችን የላኩትን የጉዳዩ ዳራ እና ሂደት

ASSOCIATION OF GREEKS OF ETHIOPIA (S.E.A.):

THE GREEK COMMUNITY OF ADDIS ABABA IN DANGER

SUMMARY

With actions and claims of the Minister of Education of Ethiopia, an attempt is being made to convert the English section of the Greek Community Schools belonging to the Greek Community AA into a Charitable Endowment, which means the transfer of ownership of the schools through the Endowment to the Ethiopian State, and the dispossession of the Community's property. The Hellenic Community AA has established a new organization (INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL) provided for by the legislation to start from the 2023-24 school year and has requested permission. Permission which was not given. It also communicated its intention to close the English section if the form of INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL was not accepted.

Instead, the Minister has continually smeared Greeks as corrupt, without evidence, to justify his actions and has hastily and eccentrically embarked on the installation of an interim administration of the English section, which has banned entry to the Board members of the Greek Community of AA. And daily he is practicing a regime of intimidation on the staff, teachers, pupils and parents. It also intervenes in actions that concern the Community and not the English section, such as: opening and using the Community's bank accounts, leaving unpaid 29 employees, racist comments to Greek-Ethiopians to choose whether to be Greek or Ethiopian, attempt to dismiss the Community's lawyers, trying to prohibit the Community's social benefits to people in need of such assistance, accounts are blocked and exit permits to travel abroad to the members of the Boars of HGCA, etc The intervention extends to the Greek section of the GCS (which are under the Greek Ministry of Education) with unpaid staff (Greek Civil Servants) and various prohibitions, etc. Finally, abusing disruptive actions of a small group (Trojan Horses of the community), an attempt is made to change the composition of the Board of Directors of the Community.

https://www.ellinoethiopic.gr/elliniki-koinothta-aa-se-kindyno-2/

HISTORICAL FACTS

The Greek Community of Addis Ababa-Ethiopia was founded in 1910. At that time a Primary School was started with donations from the Community members. The Greek-speaking mixed semi-gymnasium of the Community (the first 3 classes of the sixth grade high school) was opened in 1944. Its recognition by the Greek State was granted in 1947 by the Decree 2, Government Gazette 152/24-07-1947, Vol.

By the year 1950, all three upper grades were created and thus the semi-gymnasium became a full sixth-grade Gymnasium, which was recognized as equal to the Gymnasiums of the Greece by Decree 5, Government Gazette 177/17-08-1950, vol. The "old" school was built under the presidency of Mr. George Kalogeropoulos and was located in the centre of the town. With a curriculum and teaching staff that came from the Ministry of Education of Greece. These schools were attended by Greeks and Cypriots from Ethiopia and the wider East African region.

The New Greek Community Schools were built under the presidency of Athanasios Michos on a plot of 33,000 square meters. The land belonged to an Armenian named Mena, who had Ethiopian citizenship. And according to the Ethiopian laws of the time, he could not sell to a foreign national without the special permission of Emperor Haile Selassie. With the intervention of the president of the Community, Mr. Athanasios Michos and its treasurer, Mr. Alexandros Ganotakis, permission was granted by the Emperor to purchase the land in the name of the Greek Community of Addis Ababa. A fundraiser was held by the prosperous residents of Addis Ababa, which raised the money for the purchase of the land. The Great Benefactors: Athanasios Mihos, Michael Zekos and Nicholas Diamantas, whose names the school community buildings bear, undertook their construction.

In 1961, the Community completed the construction of three school buildings within the community's own land, the "Michio High School", the "Zekio Elementary School" and the "Diamanteio Kindergarten".

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MICHIO SECONDARY

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ZEKIO PRIMARY

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DIAMANTIO
KINDERGARDEN

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The Community Boarding School was also funded by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, when the late Evangelos Averoff was Foreign Minister, following the intervention of Athanasios Michos. In 1961, the building of the Community Boarding School, which at that time housed about 250 students, was completed.

The Community Boarding School is the largest in the African continent and its operating costs have been fully covered by the Community to date, without any financial support. To the young expatriate students the Community offers accommodation in the Community Boarding School for the duration of their studies in the Community Schools (Primary, Secondary and High School), full board, clothing and medical care.

In addition, the facilities of the Greek Athletic Union "Olympiacos" were built on part of the land, with benefactor and under the presidency of Mr. Ioannis Velissariou.

With the great exodus of the community, especially in 1975-76, when the dictatorial military regime of Derg took over, the Greeks were forced to leave Ethiopia, losing their properties. The schools, however, continued to function with the few remaining students.

Since 1985 an English section has been established and has been operating successfully alongside the Greek schools, with approximately 1,000-1,300 foreign students of about 52 nationalities (initially non-Ethiopians and children of diplomatic and administrative staff of African and other countries based in Addis Ababa), who are taught Greek from grade 1 to grade 6 . Later, the Ethiopian Ministry of Education allowed Ethiopian students to enroll as well. The English School section is considered one of the best in the Ethiopian capital.

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In the English section, the English curricula of the University of Cambridge, which has recognised the Greek Community School as an official examination centre for the IGCSE, A/S and A-levels international diplomas, are applied

In 1997, the English section moved into the new building, a gift of the then President of the Greek Community of Addis Ababa, Mr. Konstantinos Kalogeropoulos.

THE PRESENT SITUATION

Within the land of the Greek Community Schools (GCS) two schools are operating. The Greek section, which is under the Greek Ministry of Education and the English section which operates under a permission of the Ethiopian Ministry of Education. Both under the responsibility of the HGCA.

The Ethiopian Ministry of Education issued ne guidelines for the operation of International and Community schools in March 2021, with the aim of increasing control over them.

At the same time (July 2022) a new Administration (Board of Directors) was elected in the Greek Community of AA, with a mandate to clean the mess of previous administrations.

In order to renew the schools' license, the Ethiopian Ministry of Education asked the Community to create a new legal entity which will manage the English section School and to which the Community will endow the school buildings.

During the year the Greek Community of AA, reported that it did not accept the form of Charitable Endowment and proposed the INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL format which is one of the 4 forms of schools that the Ethiopian Ministry of Education allows to operate. It also informed, as of February 2023, the Ministry in this regard that it has fulfilled all the conditions required and requested that the INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL be opened from the 2023-24 school year. Finally, the Greek Community of AA prominently stressed that if the permit for the INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL was not granted, it preferred to close the English section School, which is its sovereign right as the owner of the GCS.

The current situation is the result of the actions and demands of the Minister of Education, Professor Berhanu Nega PhD., calling for a change of the Board of Directors, of the English School, now composed of members of the Greek AA Community, so that the school is run by a state-affiliated body, in order to install its own board.

In one of his documents, the Minister announced that he would take over the Greek Schools, install an administration of his personal choice, which administration would transfer the Greek Property to a Charitable Endowment which would be controlled (as the law requires for these legal forms) by the Ethiopian State, i.e. a usurpation of the Community's property.

The Greek Ambassador arrived on the spot, trying to find out who ordered this occupation. The entire Board of Directors of the Greek Community AA, Residents, Parents of children, employees of the Community protested. The armed police ordered those present to leave. The threat of force is a serious violation of the human rights of diplomatic institutions.

The Minister's response was that they had to accept his terms by 31/03/2023, or else he would proceed unilaterally. So by a verbal notice issued by ACSO (the department of social organisations) and the Department of Education announced that it would proceed with the appointment of an Interim Administration that will lead to a Charitable Endowment.

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The entire Board of Directors of the Hellenic Community of AA, Parishioners, Parents of children, Community employees and the Greek Ambassador arrived on the scene, trying to find out who ordered this occupation. The Ambassador and other members of the Community Board as well as those present inside the Greek Community office entrance area were threatened by the armed men who armed their Kalashnikovs demanding that they leave. The incident was captured on video and the threat of violence is a serious breach of diplomatic rules.

On a daily basis in the following days, community members attended the premises on a daily basis, preserving Community property. The Greek Foreign Ministry and other authorities were contacted, TV channels and Radio Stations were alerted, and together with residents, parents and students demanded the removal of the federal police.

And while awaiting the injunction decision of 14/06/2023, the Minister called the parents and threatened them not to endanger their children as on 14/06/2023 he would enter with a strong federal police force to implement the installation of a new interim administration. Which he did without resistance as the community and parents fearing bloodshed did not line up at the entrance. Following the unacceptable actions of the Minister of Education to appropriate the Addis Ababa Greek Community school complex by attempting to arbitrarily change the board of directors which was made up of members by the Greek Community of AA, actions for which the Greek Community of AA has taken to the courts and the case is pending.

The interim administration intervenes in actions concerning the Community and not the English section, such as: opening and using the Community's bank accounts, racist remarks to Greek-Ethiopians to choose whether to be Greek or Ethiopian, attempt to dismiss lawyers and other Community staff (chief of staff, accountants, etc.) an attempt to prohibit the social benefits of the Community to 83 expatriates and people over 65 in need of such assistance, taking care of Greek religious properties: Church, Cemetery, the Greek Archbishop’s residence some of which have unpaid utility bills (power & water supplies) etc. Finally, through the divisive actions of a small group (Trojan Horses of the community), it tries to change the composition and control the Board of Directors of the Community.

The interim administration also started interfering in the Greek section of the GCS, which is out of its jurisdiction. Several teachers of the Greek section (Greek civil servants), are facing a situation whereas their salaries and other benefits are not paid. They are also facing expulsion from teachers’ chambers in GCS, while their travel to Greece for family re-union are not allowed.

The interim administration issued several orders: banning members of the Greek Community of AA Board from entering, prohibiting faculty and administrative staff from discussing anything related to the situation (under penalty of expulsion), and announced that it would soon install the Charitable Endowment administration with individuals appointed by the Department of Education, the Ministry of Justice, the Ministry of Finance, the Ministry of Women's Social Affairs, the Greek Community School Parents' Association, and the Greek Athletic Association "Olympiacos", placing in this position its vice-president. Thus the real owner, i.e. the Greek Community AA, which was elected by the 147 members that make up the Community, is excluded, and the Minister "rewards" the unrecognized and separatist Greek Community Organization Aid Idir, which was created by the 8-member administration of the Greek Athletic Association Olympiacos 11 months ago to be an alternative solution as a "Trojan Horse" in the hands of the Minister, by people who oppose the Greek Community of AA. They even tried to appropriate the Diplomatic car of the Embassy that was on the site.

The interim administration also said the employees over-65s will be expelled. Threats are still being hurled at anyone (teachers, parents, students, or members of the Hellenic Community of AA administration) through the mass media or social media networks who refer to the current situation. Orders were given to break into the offices of the Community. This constitutes a regime of intimidation and is not consistent with human rights and academic freedom principles that accommodate school institutions. Community lawyers were "fired" i.e. deprived of the Constitutionally guaranteed right to legal defense.

The interim administration for the English Department of the school, appointed by the Minister of Education, has issued a document denying access to the members of the Community Board because they are "obstructing" their work. (document opposite).

More broadly, the whole affair is said to be related to intra-governmental power struggle between the tribal parties that make up the current federal government of Ethiopia, with the current Minister of Education wanting to raise his "stock", saying that he "brought" a significant fortune to the Ethiopian state.

He is said to have the same plans for the French, German and Italian schools.

The situation that has been created does not reflect the almost two centuries close cooperation and friendship between Greeks and Ethiopians in the latest period. The two proud Nations met each other for thousands of years and build up co-operation of mutual respect and trust specially because Greeks were never a colonial force. Needless to recall that the very name of the Country derives from the ancient Greek Homeric word Aethiops. These relations have deep roots in the official (i.e. adopted by the then kings) Christianization of Ethiopia by St. Frumentius or Abu Salama, the help of Greeks in important moments in Ethiopia (1896 Battle of Adwa, 1936 Mussolini invasion), the significant help of Negus Tafari for the Asia Minor disaster (1923 Abyssinia Square) and the care of orphans of the Asia Minor disaster and World War II, etc. The Greeks participated in important developmental public works: the construction of monuments and important buildings, Banks, Hotels, the building of the railway, etc. In addition, they had made significant investments in the economy (coffee, mills, viticulture, textile industry, building materials, etc.). Greeks were also active at assisting the Nation during the Great Famine that struck Ethiopia. Relationships that, among other things, continue to this day with the existence of a large Ethiopian community in Greece, the construction of a monument in the Abyssinia Square in Athens, the studies of Ethiopians in Greek Universities, the provision of scholarships for postgraduate studies in Greece with the support of the Greek Diocese of Axum, the special relations with the Greek Church (provision of churches, studies of the Ethiopian clergy in Greece), with cultural exchanges (performance of "Socrates barefoot" at the Herodes theater (under Acropolis), with the participation in the Ethiopian Film Festival, with bilateral trade forums, etc.

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A question has already been submitted to the European Commission by the Member of the European Parliament of the New Democracy Party, Mr. Man. Kefalogiannis, asking the European Commission whether "it has been informed about the events in Addis Ababa" and "what actions it intends to take to avoid the obvious intention of the Ethiopian government to appropriate the school complex of the Greek Community, which was acquired by the Greek Community and is its property".

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.The long-awaited decision of the Lideta Supreme Court was finally delivered on 24 May 2023.

Notable features of this decision are the reference to "confiscation" only on suspicion of mismanagement and without evidence. A global legal prototype. And secondly the replacement

of the notorious splitter (it seems those who used him realized his negative role). The Greek Community of AA has stated that it is continuing the legal process and will challenge all these decisions.

The Association of Greeks of Ethiopia (S.E.A.) stresses that the uninterrupted cooperation with the Ethiopian Community organizations in Greece must continue, and that the friendly relations and feelings towards them and Ethiopia nurtured by the expatriate former Greek community of Ethiopia in Greece or elsewhere should not be disturbed, contrary to the current situation towards the HGCA in Ethiopia.

It is disgraceful the fact that the Nationals and persons of Greek origin living today in Ethiopia, after more than two centuries of presence of Greeks in your Country, are not any more equally treated, and in fact they are “threatened and discriminated”. This was recorded by an incident that took place on the 29^th of June 2023, when Mr Getachew Tefera, Representative of the Minister of Education and Chairperson of the IAB, in the presence of all school staff, employees and a number of parents, humiliating and threatening the Greek Ethiopians working and teaching at the Greek Community School saying (word by word): “If you the Biracial/Metis wish to remain and work here, you must take off from your soul and spirit anything Greek that you still carry in you”. Such Racist Declarations have caused serious anxiety among our compatriots of mixed race. We expect that proper measures are taken.

In addition, following two Verbal Notes were sent by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Greece to the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Ethiopia (the last given on the 5th of July 2023), the appeal is made to achieve a just and swift resolution, permitting the survival of the Greek Community, the wellbeing and respect of the Greek Nationals in accordance to the International Human Rights Declaration and the EU – Ethiopian (African) Bilateral Agreement.

The Association of Greeks of Ethiopia (S.E.A.) will support with every legal means the struggle of the Greek Community of Addis Ababa for the prevention of the expropriation of the property of the Greek Community by the unacceptable actions of the Ethiopian Minister of Education and individuals who act as a "Trojan Horse" aiming at the property of the Greek Community of Addis Ababa and the Greek Athletic Union "Olympiacos". This property was created by the contributions of the Greek expatriates of Ethiopia and the 5 benefactors, and belongs to the tradition of all.

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S.E.A. calls on to the Greek expatriates of Ethiopia their friends and relatives everywhere to react, to sign the petition (https://chng.it/D5cWGVJGKh), to address authorities of the place where they reside and to denounce the injustice and illegality against the Greek Community of AA. To cooperate with the Greek Diaspora and Ethiopian organizations abroad to express their protest.